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In which year was Nunavut established?

  1. 1870

  2. 1905

  3. 1949

  4. 1999

The correct answer is: 1999

The establishment of Nunavut in 1999 marks a significant moment in Canadian history, as it was the first new territory created in Canada since 1949. The formation of Nunavut represented a critical step in recognizing and empowering the Inuit population who had long inhabited the region. This transition from the Northwest Territories to a distinct territory acknowledges the unique cultural, social, and political needs of the Inuit community. The establishment was part of a broader movement towards self-governance and was facilitated through land claims agreements that sought to improve the lives and governance of Indigenous peoples in Canada. The other years presented are noteworthy in their own contexts but do not relate to the establishment of Nunavut. For example, 1870 is known for the creation of the Northwest Territories as part of Canada’s expansion, 1905 marks the division of the Northwest Territories into Alberta and Saskatchewan, and 1949 is significant for Newfoundland joining Confederation. Each of these events contributes to Canada's evolution but is separate from the specific establishment of Nunavut.