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What did Dr. John A. Hopps invent?

  1. The Canadarm

  2. A robotic arm used in manufacturing

  3. First cardiac pacemaker

  4. A new type of microscope

The correct answer is: First cardiac pacemaker

Dr. John A. Hopps is credited with inventing the first cardiac pacemaker. This answer is correct because while the other options may represent significant inventions, they were not invented by Dr. Hopps. Option A, the Canadarm, was developed by the Canadian Space Agency and the National Research Council of Canada. Option B, a robotic arm used in manufacturing, was invented by George Devol. Option D, a new type of microscope, was invented by Ernst Ruska and Max Knoll. Therefore, the most accurate answer is C, the first cardiac pacemaker.